This glossary contains 30 terms that can help teachers to understand certain elements about giving feedback to learners.
Accuracy
Noun
the condition or quality of being true, correct, or exact.
Example: we have confidence in the accuracy of the statistics.
es: Precisión
Affective differences.
Noun
something that has been influenced by emotions, is a result of emotions, or expresses emotion.
Example: Cognitive perspective-taking refers to the ability to make inferences about others' thoughts and beliefs. Affective perspective-taking is the ability to make inferences about others' emotions and feelings.
es: Diferencias afectivas.
Automated feedback
Noun
Information provided to a learner from a computerized source (e.g., software program) about the learner’s task performance.
Example: Discover how AUTOMATED FEEDBACK helps reduce writing review time for both teachers and students by using AI.
es: Retroalimentación automática
Cognitive differences.
Noun.
The term “cognitive differences” is commonly used to refer to IQ.
Example: "How do individual cognitive differences relate to acceptability judgments?"
es: Diferencias cognitivas.
Collaborative writing.
noun
the process of producing a written work as a group where all team members contributed to the content and the decisions about how the group will function.
Example: business writing and technical writing.
es: Escritura colaborativa.
Content knowledge.
Noun.
Knowledge about the subject matter, related to the content that teachers should teach.
Example: Finally, the CONTENT KNOWLEDGE required by students is appropriate for their level since the topics selected have wide appeal to heterogeneous group of students who are familiar to them and can activate their schemata.
es: conocimiento del contenido.
Corrective feedback
Noun
information communicated to the learner that is intended to modify his or her thinking or behavior for the purpose of improving learning
Example: Teachers then reinforce learners' production with CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK on their errors.
es: Retroalimentación correctiva.
Effective feedback
Noun
A way of giving input that can be positive (such as a compliment), negative (such as a corrective measure) or neutral (such as a general observation), but it is always useful to the receiver.
Example: The need to EFFECTIVE FEEDBACK control system is a large loop gain over a wide range of low frequency.
es: Retroalimentación efectiva.
Error correction
Noun
process by which learners have to identify the error/mistake in a sentence and convert it into a grammatically correct sentence.
Example: ERROR CORRECTION has the additional feature that enables localization of the errors and correcting them.
es: Corrección de error.
Feedback
Noun
helpful information or criticism given to someone to indicate what can be done to improve something.
Example: The way you gave that presentation today really shows me you listened to what I said about the snafu last month. I appreciate your mindful application of feedback.
es: Retroalimentación
Feedback sandwich
Noun
is when you open your feedback with positive comments, followed by the main message, and then some final positive comments.
Example: give sandwich feedback.
es: Sándwich de retroalimentación.
Knowledge.
Noun
the fact or condition of knowing something with familiarity gained through experience or association.
Example: Her knowledge of world history is extensive.
es: Conocimiento.
Language acquisition
Noun
the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language.
Example: Producing language is acknowledged to serve several functions in second LANGUAGE ACQUISITION.
es: Adquisición lingüística
Language learning
Noun
the process by which the language capability develops in a human.
Example: As it is clear from the brief description above, form-focused instruction plays an important role in second LANGUAGE LEARNING and acquisition, especially from a pedagogic point of view.
es: Aprendizaje de idiomas
Language production.
Noun
the process of communicating through language.
Example: along with target LANGUAGE PRODUCTION from the part of the learner and interaction with other speakers are of great significance.
es: Producción de lenguaje.
Learner-directed feedback
noun
provides learners with guidance in evaluating their learning while supporting their learning commitments.
es: Retroalimentación dirigida por el alumno.
Learning strategies
Noun
a set of skills that students use to understand different tasks.
Example: A decade later, reading involved an active understanding of a wide range of texts that demanded the activation of various LEARNING STRATEGIES.
es: Estrategias de aprendizaje
Lesson-planning.
Noun
A lesson plan is a teacher's guide for facilitating a lesson.
Example: The promised lesson-plan appeared.
es: Planificación de las clases.
Non-verbal behaviour
adjective.
facial expressions, gaze direction, interpersonal distance, posture and postural changes, and gestures.
Example: Effective communication in health and social care settings requires professionals to be able to analyse their own and other people's NON-VERBAL BEHAVIOUR as well as verbal.
es: Comportamiento no verbal.
Peer feedback.
Noun.
practice where feedback is given by one student to another.
Example: ll be evaluated using information from tutor and PEER FEEDBACK.
es: Retroalimentación de compañeros.
Self-correction
noun.
the process of correcting itself when things begin to go wrong, without outside help.
Example: SELF-CORRECTION is another piece of evidence.
es: Autocorrección.
Speaking strategies
noun
the process by which learners are helped to deepen their understanding of the nature of language learning, and to acquire the knowledge and skills they need in order to pursue their learning goals in an informed and self-directive manner.
Example: Pay attention to your body language: stand up straight, take deep breaths, look people in the eye, and smile. Don't lean on one leg or use gestures that feel unnatural.
es: Estrategias de habla
Study Skills
Noun
a broad range of tactics and strategies that ultimately allow students to effectively learn, organize, and recall new information.
Example: His performance really shows that he needs to improve his study skills.
es: habilidades de estudio.
Summative feedback
Adjective.
It provides an evaluation of how much a student and the class has learned and is often connected to a grade.
Example: By way of contrast, summative feedback typically falls at the end of a topic or semester.
es: Retroalimentación sumativa.
Survival English
noun
essential English someone needs to know in order to survive – live or work – in an English speaking environment.
es: ingles basico.
Task
Noun/Verb
a piece of work to be done.
Example: To prove that this market conditions affect farmers incomes in Poland is a difficult TASK, because of the lack of data.
es: Tarea.
Teacher beliefs
Noun
Implicit and explicit suppositions held by educators which have relevance for their professional and instructional practices, interactions with students, and learning processes.
Example: Motivation and Task.
es: Creencias del maestro.
Teaching techniques.
Noun.
integrated organization that includes a set of materials, devices, tools, and educational attitudes.
Example: While they argue learning by doing is useful for more knowledgeable learners, they argue this teaching technique is not useful for novices.
es: Técnicas de enseñanza.
Text-based feedback
noun
Text-based feedback is familiar to learners; it is accessible from a range of devices and can be read on the go without concerns about people hearing the feedback from an instructor.
Example: a tool to provide immediate visual and text based feedback to students irrespective of where they need to.
es: Retroalimentación basada en texto.
Written feedback
noun
provides students with a record of what they are doing well, what needs improvement and suggested next steps.
Example: I was able to gain an insight into how she has been perceived on the course I also looked at WRITTEN FEEDBACK on her Undergraduate module assignment.
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